| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury
Saint Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury, also known as Saint Elgiva〔http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=3090〕 (died 944) was the first wife of Edmund I (r. 939–946), by whom she bore two future kings, Eadwig (r. 955–959) and Edgar (r. 959–975). Like her mother Wynflaed, she had a close and special if unknown connection with the royal nunnery of Shaftesbury (Dorset), founded by King Alfred,〔Asser, ''Vita Ælfredi ''ch. 98.〕 where she was buried and soon revered as a saint. According to a pre-Conquest tradition from Winchester, her feast day is 18 May.〔Lantfred, ''Translatio et Miracula S. Swithuni'': pp. 328-9 n. 299 (Lapidge's commentary).'' ''〕〔''(Elgiva May 18 ).'' Latin Saints of the Orthodox Patriarchate of Rome.〕
==Family background==
Her mother appears to have been an associate of Shaftesbury Abbey called Wynflaed (also Wynnflæd). The vital clue comes from a charter of King Edgar, in which he confirmed the grant of an estate at ''Uppidelen'' (Piddletrenthide, Dorset) made by his grandmother (''ava'') Wynflæd to Shaftesbury''.''〔S 744 (AD 966). Edgar's paternal grandmother was Eadgifu of Kent.〕 She may well be the nun or vowess (''religiosa femina'') of this name in a charter dated 942 and preserved in the abbey's chartulary. It records that she received and retrieved from King Edmund a handful of estates in Dorset, namely Cheselbourne and Winterbourne Tomson, which somehow ended up in the possession of the community.〔S 485 (AD 942); Yorke, ''Nunneries and the Anglo-Saxon royal houses''. pp. 82-3. See further Kelly, ''Charters of Shaftesbury Abbey''. pp. 53-9.〕
Since no father or siblings are known, further speculation on Ælfgifu's background has largely depended on the identity of her mother, whose relatively uncommon name has invited further guesswork. H. P. R. Finberg suggests that she was the Wynflæd who drew up a will, supposedly sometime in the mid-10th century, after Ælfgifu's death. This lady held many estates scattered across Wessex (in Somerset, Wiltshire, Berkshire, Oxfordshire, and Hampshire) and was well connected with the nunneries at Wilton and Shaftesbury, both of which were royal foundations. On that basis, a number of relatives have been proposed for Ælfgifu, including a sister called Æthelflæd, a brother called Eadmær, and a grandmother called Brihtwyn.〔S 1539; Finberg, ''The Early Charters of Wessex''. p. 44. Whitelock, ''Anglo-Saxon wills,'' p. 109, identifies the testatrix with the ''religiosa femina'' of S 485 (AD 942), but she is silent about Edgar's grandmother. Brihtwyn has been tentatively identified as the husband of Alfred, bishop of Sherborne, but this has been disputed. See Whitelock, ''Anglo-Saxon Wills''; Owen, “Wynflæd's wardrobe.” p. 197, note 2.〕
There is, however, no consensus among scholars about Finberg's suggestion. Simon Keynes and Gale R. Owen object that there is no sign of royal relatives or connections in Wynflæd's will and Finberg's assumptions about Ælfgifu's family therefore stand on shaky ground.〔Keynes, “Alfred the Great and Shaftesbury Abbey.” pp. 43-5; Owen, “Wynflæd's wardrobe.” p. 197 note 1; Yorke, ''Nunneries and the Anglo-Saxon royal houses''. p. 100 note 136.〕 Andrew Wareham is less troubled about this and suggests that different kinship strategies may account for it.〔Wareham, “Transformation of kinship.” pp. 382-3.〕 Much of the issue of identification also seems to hang on the number of years by which Wynflæd can plausibly have outlived her daughter. In this light, it is significant that on palaeographical grounds, David Dumville has rejected the conventional date of ''c''. 950 for the will, which he considers “speculative and too early” (and that one Wynflæd was still alive in 967).〔Dumville, “English square minuscule.” p. 146 note 75. ''The Prosopography of Anglo-Saxon England'' also links Wynflæd with the noble ''matrona'' of that name, who appears in as late as 967 receiving royal grants of land in Hampshire. S 754 (AD 967); 'Wynnflæd 3', PASE.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|